Interaction between heat wave and urban heat island: A case study in a tropical coastal city, Singapore

Heat waves are unusually high temperature events over consecutive days and may cause adverse impacts such as morbidity mortality. The interaction between heat urban island (UHI) effects has remained a subject of debate, some studies prove wave-UHI synergy while others do not. Furthermore, affect tropical cities more severely than mid-latitude cities, but there is disproportionate lack wave focusing on cities. We attempt to narrow this gap by studying the in Singapore April 2016 using ground observations Weather Research Forecasting (WRF) model. Compared non-heat days, show that daytime temperatures can be 3 °C higher during wave. Despite spike, UHI intensity not amplified wave, maintaining its peak near 2.5 both periods. WRF simulation results also agree well with measurements predict peaks periods, showing no synergy. spatially averaged shows There significant change wind speed, soil moisture availability or storage flux Therefore, our study consistent current understanding factors contributing UHI. This city different from temperate climate zone should conducted which projected suffer larger increasing stress.